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A complete list of bat records available from Tajikistan was compiled from the literature and from new records, based mainly on field studies made in 2016. The record review is complemented with distribution maps, summaries of distributional status of the particular bat species, notes on their taxonomy, and records of their arthropod ectoparasites. From the territory of Tajikistan, at least 416 records of 20–21 bat species belonging to 3–4 families are known; viz. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) (47 record sites), R. bocharicus Kaŝenko et Akimov, 1918 (29), R. hipposideros s.l. (25), Rhinolophus aff. lepidus (5), R. hipposideros (André, 1797) s.str. (6), Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (42), M. emarginatus (Geoffroy, 1806) (17), M. davidii (Peters, 1869) (24), M. bucharensis Kuzâkin, 1950 (2), Vespertilio murinus Linnaeus, 1758 (14), Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774) (26), E. ognevi Bobrinskoj, 1918 (17–18), E. gobiensis Bobrinskoj, 1926 (1–3), Hypsugo savii (Bonaparte, 1837) (17–18), Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) (61), P. kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) (4), Nyctalus noctula (Schreber, 1774) (4–5), Otonycteris leucophaea (Severcov, 1873) (12), Barbastella caspica Satunin, 1908 (29), Plecotus strelkovi Spitzenberger, 2006 (21), Miniopterus cf. pallidus Thomas, 1907 (0–1), and Tadarida teniotis (Rafinesque, 1814) (13). Based on the results of molecular genetic and detailed morphological analyses, the populations of small-sized horseshoe bats formerly assigned to Rhinolophus aff. lepidus were found to represent a new separate species of the Rhinolophus macrotis group, which is here described. Echolocation data are given for 13 bat species from Tajikistan; in five species, Rhinolophus bocharicus, R. aff. lepidus, Eptesicus ognevi, Otonycteris leucophaea, and Barbastella caspica, these data are reported for the first time. Arthropod ectoparasites were newly collected from two species of bats in Tajikistan (Rhinolophus aff. lepidus and Eptesicus ognevi), while in 13 other bat species, data on their ectoparasites are available in literature; of them from eight species, additional parasites were newly collected. At least 42 species of ectoparasites belonging to eight families were recorded from Tajikistan in total and the following seven taxa of five families are here reported from the country for the first time: Phthiridium szechuanum (Theodor, 1954) and Sarcoptiformes fam. sp. (from Rhinolophus aff. lepidus), Spinturnix carnificina (Koch, 1839), Steatonyssus pseudoheteroventralis Orlova et Anisimov, 2023, and Miyatrombicula sp. (from Eptesicus ognevi), Spinturnix nobleti Deunff, Volleth, Keller et Aellen, 1990 (from Hypsugo savii), and Macronyssus barbastellinus Dusbábek et Pinčuk, 1971 (from Barbastella caspica).