In the Czech Republic, aid to and protection of children in various life situations have a longstanding tradition. In identifying children who are growing up in situations of risk, as well as providing them with full support and assistance in gaining their rights, all who work them professionally in some aspects of their lives are obliged to participate. Along with social workers, these are mostly paediatricians and other doctor specialists, midwives, pre-school teachers, teachers, pedagogues, psychologists… When applying work, social workers need to possess many layers of knowledge and skills on the one hand, and practice thoughtful ethical behaviour on the other hand. The text brings information about the system in the Czech Republic and the view of the social workers themselves helping children.