Přehled o publikaci

Democracy represents principle way of governing social affairs which is necessarily based on the value system of the Enlightenment. In the value system of the Enlightenment, the human was understood as an entirely autonomous being endowed with certain universal properties including ability to self-determination on the basis of its own rationality. However the Enlightenment is at the same time a source of paradox. Enlightenment’s rationality based its legitimacy on the success of natural sciences. These sciences say that every existing entity (including human beings) is ultimately determined by fundamental physical laws. How to reconcile this position with our intuitive belief in our own free will? How to reconcile this position with the concept of social governance (democracy) which implies free will? With regard to the findings of cognitive science and system theory, I am suggesting that we are in position where we should admit that free will and freedom of decision are illusions. The institutional structure of a social organism and its decision-making mechanisms must respect the real nature of human being. Finally we should be encouraged to consider reasonable new structure of governance of society which no longer can be based on the postulate of individual free will and on the postulate of effectiveness of the introspective decision-making.