This study investigates the relationship between the economic and housing conditions of young people in Czechia and their short-term and long-term fertility intentions. We observed a significant decline in the total fertility rate in Czechia between 2021 and 2023 (from 1.83 in 2021 to 1.62 in 2022 and 1.45 in 2023), with projections indicating a continued trend in 2024. Using survey data from the second wave of the Generation and Gender Survey, this analysis focuses on Czech respondents aged 18–39 (N = 2,220), examining associations between selected factors (property value, household income, housing size) and fertility intentions in 2020, 2021, and 2022. Results reveal a divergent trend: greater declines in fertility intentions are linked to both higher property values and, conversely, lower household incomes and smaller housing sizes. Additionally, some cases show an increase in uncertainty around fertility intentions, which might indicate a tendency to observe circumstances before making definitive decisions, rather than an outright rejection of having children. The study findings suggest that economic and housing conditions may play an influential role in shaping fertility intentions.