The growing body of evidence concerning the presence of pathological aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and beta-amyloid in resection specimens from patients with pharmacoresistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is well-documented. Recent studies have also suggested alterations in serum levels of alpha-synuclein in this population1,2. Another protein associated with neurodegeneration, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), has not yet been extensively studied in epilepsy patients. Given this background, the present study aims to investigate the presence of alphasynuclein and TDP-43 pathological aggregates in tissue samples from patients with MTLE sourced from two comprehensive tertiary epilepsy centers