J 2025

Gaze controlled maps: scoping review of gaze-based interactions in geovisualisations

VOJTECHOVSKA, Michaela; Stanislav POPELKA and Petr KUBÍČEK

Basic information

Original name

Gaze controlled maps: scoping review of gaze-based interactions in geovisualisations

Authors

VOJTECHOVSKA, Michaela; Stanislav POPELKA and Petr KUBÍČEK

Edition

International Journal of Digital Earth, Taylor and Francis, 2025, 1753-8947

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Article in a journal

Country of publisher

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Confidentiality degree

is not subject to a state or trade secret

References:

Organization

Přírodovědecká fakulta – Repository – Repository

UT WoS

001497966200001

EID Scopus

2-s2.0-105006900735

Keywords in English

Gaze-based interaction; human-computer interaction; cartography; geovisualisation; eye-tracking
Changed: 7/6/2025 00:50, RNDr. Daniel Jakubík

Abstract

V originále

Gaze-based interactions (GBIs) allow hands-free control and richer user experiences across domains. Yet, despite eye-tracking's diagnostic use in geospatial visualisations, its potential for interactive spatial data exploration is underexplored. By providing a scoping review of the integration of GBIs into geospatial visualisations, we aim to lay the foundation for further research, as no comprehensive review has yet been carried out.Using the PRISMA-ScR framework, we assessed 26 studies employing 54 GBIs. We developed an open-source web dashboard to simplify the interpretation of multiple data items across GBIs. Most GBIs (74.1%) relied solely on gaze, with 68.5% using remote eye-trackers. Active interactions dominated (64.2%), primarily for discrete commands concerning zooming, panning, or selecting map elements. Meanwhile, passive interactions focused on gaze-informed adaptations, such as automatically updating legend content based on in-map attention. Although there were accuracy and unintended activation issues, GBIs often improved the hedonic and pragmatic quality of geovisualisations.Studies would benefit from robust user evaluations that use standardised questionnaires. Broader GBI research solutions, such as combining gaze with other modalities in extended reality, could transform how we interact with geospatial data.

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