J 2025

Defender or Outsider? Understanding Individual, Social, and Contextual Factors in Cyberbystander Behavior in Cyberaggression

SHUKLA, Shanu, Hana MACHÁČKOVÁ, Lenka DĚDKOVÁ and Anke GÖRZIG

Basic information

Original name

Defender or Outsider? Understanding Individual, Social, and Contextual Factors in Cyberbystander Behavior in Cyberaggression

Authors

SHUKLA, Shanu, Hana MACHÁČKOVÁ, Lenka DĚDKOVÁ and Anke GÖRZIG

Edition

Journal of Early Adolescence, Thousand Oaks, SAGE Publications, 2025, 0272-4316

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Article in a journal

Country of publisher

United States of America

Confidentiality degree

is not subject to a state or trade secret

References:

Organization

Fakulta sociálních studií – Repository – Repository

UT WoS

001464183200001

Keywords in English

adolescents; cyberaggression; cyberbullying; defender; outsider

Links

CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004583, interní kód Repo. EH22_008/0004583, research and development project. 0929/2022, interní kód Repo.
Changed: 26/4/2025 00:50, RNDr. Daniel Jakubík

Abstract

V originále

Bystanders’ responses play an important role in cyberaggression incidents among youth. This study examines factors differentiating cyberbystander roles as defenders or outsiders. Individual factors (gender, age, self-efficacy, and digital skills), social factors (parent, teacher, and peer mediation), contextual factors (victim’s age relative to the bystander, perceived victim’s emotional (upset) response, and bystander-victim relationship quality), and types of incident modalities are explored. Data from 736 Czech adolescents (Mage = 14.4 years, SDage = 1.69, 51.9% boys) who acted as defenders or outsiders in cyberaggression incidents in the preceding year were analyzed using hierarchical binary logistic regression. Being a defender versus an outsider was significantly associated with younger age, active peer mediation, good relationship with the victim, higher perceived victim’s emotional (upset) response, and no video modality. The study underscores the multifaceted nature of online bystander behavior, offering insights for prevention and intervention targeting specific factors to promote defending behavior in adolescent cyberaggression.

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