Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries : A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship
Authors
MESKÓ, Norbert, Marta KOWAL, András LÁNG, Ferenc KOCSOR, Szabolcs A. BANDI, Adam PUTZ, Piotr SOROKOWSKI, David A. FREDERICK, Felipe E. GARCÍA, Leonardo A. AGUILAR, Anna STUDZINSKA, Chee-Seng TAN, Biljana GJONESKA, Taciano L. MILFONT, Merve TOPCU BULUT, Dmitry GRIGORYEV, Toivo AAVIK, Mahmoud BOUSSENA, Alan D. A. MATTIASSI, Reza AFHAMI, Rizwana AMIN, Roberto BAIOCCO, Hamdaoui BRAHIM, Ali R. CAN, Joao CARNEIRO, Hakan CETINKAYA, Dimitri CHUBINIDZE, Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Yahya DON, Dmitrii DUBROV, Izzet DUYAR, Marija JOVIC, Julia A. KAMBURIDIS, Farah KHAN, Hareesol KHUN-INKEEREE, Maida KOSO-DRLJEVIC, David LACKO, Karlijn MASSAR, Mara MORELLI, Jean C. NATIVIDADE, Ellen K. NYHUS, Ju Hee PARK, Farid PAZHOOHI, Ekaterine PIRTSKHALAVA, Koen PONNET, Pavel PROKOP, Dušana ŠAKAN, Singha TULYAKUL, Austin H. WANG, Sibele D. AQUINO, Derya D. ATAMTÜRK, Nana BURDULI, Antonio CHIRUMBOLO, Seda DURAL, Edgardo ETCHEZAHAR, Nasim Ghahraman MOHARRAMPOUR, Balazs ACZEL, Luca KOZMA, Samuel LINS, Efisio MANUNTA, Tiago MAROT, Moises MEBARAK, Kirill G. MIROSHNIK, Katarina MISETIC, Marietta PAPADATOU-PASTOU, Bence BAKOS, Fatima Zahra SAHLI, Sangeeta SINGH, Caglar SOLAK, Tatiana VOLKODAV, Anna WLODARCZYK, Grace AKELLO, Marios ARGYRIDES, Ogeday COKER, Katarzyna GALASINSKA, Talía GÓMEZ YEPES, Aleksander KOBYLAREK, Miguel LANDA-BLANCO, Marlon MAYORGA, Baris ÖZENER, Ma. Criselda T. PACQUING, Marc Eric S. REYES, Aysegül SAHIN, William TAMAYO-AGUDELO, Gulmira TOPANOVA, Ezgi TOPLU-DEMIRTAS, Belgüzar N. TÜRKAN, Marcos ZUMÁRRAGA-ESPINOSA, Simone GRASSINI, Jan ANTFOLK, Clément CORNEC, Katarzyna PISANSKI, Sabrina STÖCKLI, Stephanie Josephine EDER and Hyemin HAN
Edition
Archives of Sexual Behavior, New York, Springer, 2024, 0004-0002
The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia.
MESKÓ, Norbert, Marta KOWAL, András LÁNG, Ferenc KOCSOR, Szabolcs A. BANDI, Adam PUTZ, Piotr SOROKOWSKI, David A. FREDERICK, Felipe E. GARCÍA, Leonardo A. AGUILAR, Anna STUDZINSKA, Chee-Seng TAN, Biljana GJONESKA, Taciano L. MILFONT, Merve TOPCU BULUT, Dmitry GRIGORYEV, Toivo AAVIK, Mahmoud BOUSSENA, Alan D. A. MATTIASSI, Reza AFHAMI, Rizwana AMIN, Roberto BAIOCCO, Hamdaoui BRAHIM, Ali R. CAN, Joao CARNEIRO, Hakan CETINKAYA, Dimitri CHUBINIDZE, Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Yahya DON, Dmitrii DUBROV, Izzet DUYAR, Marija JOVIC, Julia A. KAMBURIDIS, Farah KHAN, Hareesol KHUN-INKEEREE, Maida KOSO-DRLJEVIC, David LACKO, Karlijn MASSAR, Mara MORELLI, Jean C. NATIVIDADE, Ellen K. NYHUS, Ju Hee PARK, Farid PAZHOOHI, Ekaterine PIRTSKHALAVA, Koen PONNET, Pavel PROKOP, Dušana ŠAKAN, Singha TULYAKUL, Austin H. WANG, Sibele D. AQUINO, Derya D. ATAMTÜRK, Nana BURDULI, Antonio CHIRUMBOLO, Seda DURAL, Edgardo ETCHEZAHAR, Nasim Ghahraman MOHARRAMPOUR, Balazs ACZEL, Luca KOZMA, Samuel LINS, Efisio MANUNTA, Tiago MAROT, Moises MEBARAK, Kirill G. MIROSHNIK, Katarina MISETIC, Marietta PAPADATOU-PASTOU, Bence BAKOS, Fatima Zahra SAHLI, Sangeeta SINGH, Caglar SOLAK, Tatiana VOLKODAV, Anna WLODARCZYK, Grace AKELLO, Marios ARGYRIDES, Ogeday COKER, Katarzyna GALASINSKA, Talía GÓMEZ YEPES, Aleksander KOBYLAREK, Miguel LANDA-BLANCO, Marlon MAYORGA, Baris ÖZENER, Ma. Criselda T. PACQUING, Marc Eric S. REYES, Aysegül SAHIN, William TAMAYO-AGUDELO, Gulmira TOPANOVA, Ezgi TOPLU-DEMIRTAS, Belgüzar N. TÜRKAN, Marcos ZUMÁRRAGA-ESPINOSA, Simone GRASSINI, Jan ANTFOLK, Clément CORNEC, Katarzyna PISANSKI, Sabrina STÖCKLI, Stephanie Josephine EDER and Hyemin HAN. Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries : A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship. Archives of Sexual Behavior. New York: Springer, 2024, vol. 53, No 2, p. 811-837. ISSN 0004-0002. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02724-1.
@article{68306, author = {Meskó, Norbert and Kowal, Marta and Láng, András and Kocsor, Ferenc and Bandi, Szabolcs A. and Putz, Adam and Sorokowski, Piotr and Frederick, David A. and García, Felipe E. and Aguilar, Leonardo A. and Studzinska, Anna and Tan, CheeandSeng and Gjoneska, Biljana and Milfont, Taciano L. and Topcu Bulut, Merve and Grigoryev, Dmitry and Aavik, Toivo and Boussena, Mahmoud and Mattiassi, Alan D. A. and Afhami, Reza and Amin, Rizwana and Baiocco, Roberto and Brahim, Hamdaoui and Can, Ali R. and Carneiro, Joao and Cetinkaya, Hakan and Chubinidze, Dimitri and Deschrijver, Eliane and Don, Yahya and Dubrov, Dmitrii and Duyar, Izzet and Jovic, Marija and Kamburidis, Julia A. and Khan, Farah and KhunandInkeeree, Hareesol and KosoandDrljevic, Maida and Lacko, David and Massar, Karlijn and Morelli, Mara and Natividade, Jean C. and Nyhus, Ellen K. and Park, Ju Hee and Pazhoohi, Farid and Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine and Ponnet, Koen and Prokop, Pavel and Šakan, Dušana and Tulyakul, Singha and Wang, Austin H. and Aquino, Sibele D. and Atamtürk, Derya D. and Burduli, Nana and Chirumbolo, Antonio and Dural, Seda and Etchezahar, Edgardo and Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman and Aczel, Balazs and Kozma, Luca and Lins, Samuel and Manunta, Efisio and Marot, Tiago and Mebarak, Moises and Miroshnik, Kirill G. and Misetic, Katarina and PapadatouandPastou, Marietta and Bakos, Bence and Sahli, Fatima Zahra and Singh, Sangeeta and Solak, Caglar and Volkodav, Tatiana and Wlodarczyk, Anna and Akello, Grace and Argyrides, Marios and Coker, Ogeday and Galasinska, Katarzyna and Gómez Yepes, Talía and Kobylarek, Aleksander and LandaandBlanco, Miguel and Mayorga, Marlon and Özener, Baris and Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T. and Reyes, Marc Eric S. and Sahin, Aysegül and TamayoandAgudelo, William and Topanova, Gulmira and TopluandDemirtas, Ezgi and Türkan, Belgüzar N. and ZumárragaandEspinosa, Marcos and Grassini, Simone and Antfolk, Jan and Cornec, Clément and Pisanski, Katarzyna and Stöckli, Sabrina and Eder, Stephanie Josephine and Han, Hyemin}, article_location = {New York}, article_number = {2}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02724-1}, keywords = {Resources for sex; Sugar relationships; Cross-cultural comparison; Human mating}, language = {eng}, issn = {0004-0002}, journal = {Archives of Sexual Behavior}, title = {Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries : A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-023-02724-1}, volume = {53}, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR ID - 68306 AU - Meskó, Norbert - Kowal, Marta - Láng, András - Kocsor, Ferenc - Bandi, Szabolcs A. - Putz, Adam - Sorokowski, Piotr - Frederick, David A. - García, Felipe E. - Aguilar, Leonardo A. - Studzinska, Anna - Tan, Chee-Seng - Gjoneska, Biljana - Milfont, Taciano L. - Topcu Bulut, Merve - Grigoryev, Dmitry - Aavik, Toivo - Boussena, Mahmoud - Mattiassi, Alan D. A. - Afhami, Reza - Amin, Rizwana - Baiocco, Roberto - Brahim, Hamdaoui - Can, Ali R. - Carneiro, Joao - Cetinkaya, Hakan - Chubinidze, Dimitri - Deschrijver, Eliane - Don, Yahya - Dubrov, Dmitrii - Duyar, Izzet - Jovic, Marija - Kamburidis, Julia A. - Khan, Farah - Khun-Inkeeree, Hareesol - Koso-Drljevic, Maida - Lacko, David - Massar, Karlijn - Morelli, Mara - Natividade, Jean C. - Nyhus, Ellen K. - Park, Ju Hee - Pazhoohi, Farid - Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine - Ponnet, Koen - Prokop, Pavel - Šakan, Dušana - Tulyakul, Singha - Wang, Austin H. - Aquino, Sibele D. - Atamtürk, Derya D. - Burduli, Nana - Chirumbolo, Antonio - Dural, Seda - Etchezahar, Edgardo - Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman - Aczel, Balazs - Kozma, Luca - Lins, Samuel - Manunta, Efisio - Marot, Tiago - Mebarak, Moises - Miroshnik, Kirill G. - Misetic, Katarina - Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta - Bakos, Bence - Sahli, Fatima Zahra - Singh, Sangeeta - Solak, Caglar - Volkodav, Tatiana - Wlodarczyk, Anna - Akello, Grace - Argyrides, Marios - Coker, Ogeday - Galasinska, Katarzyna - Gómez Yepes, Talía - Kobylarek, Aleksander - Landa-Blanco, Miguel - Mayorga, Marlon - Özener, Baris - Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T. - Reyes, Marc Eric S. - Sahin, Aysegül - Tamayo-Agudelo, William - Topanova, Gulmira - Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi - Türkan, Belgüzar N. - Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos - Grassini, Simone - Antfolk, Jan - Cornec, Clément - Pisanski, Katarzyna - Stöckli, Sabrina - Eder, Stephanie Josephine - Han, Hyemin PY - 2024 TI - Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries : A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship JF - Archives of Sexual Behavior VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 811-837 EP - 811-837 PB - Springer SN - 0004-0002 KW - Resources for sex KW - Sugar relationships KW - Cross-cultural comparison KW - Human mating UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-023-02724-1 N2 - The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia. ER -
MESKÓ, Norbert, Marta KOWAL, András LÁNG, Ferenc KOCSOR, Szabolcs A. BANDI, Adam PUTZ, Piotr SOROKOWSKI, David A. FREDERICK, Felipe E. GARCÍA, Leonardo A. AGUILAR, Anna STUDZINSKA, Chee-Seng TAN, Biljana GJONESKA, Taciano L. MILFONT, Merve TOPCU BULUT, Dmitry GRIGORYEV, Toivo AAVIK, Mahmoud BOUSSENA, Alan D. A. MATTIASSI, Reza AFHAMI, Rizwana AMIN, Roberto BAIOCCO, Hamdaoui BRAHIM, Ali R. CAN, Joao CARNEIRO, Hakan CETINKAYA, Dimitri CHUBINIDZE, Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Yahya DON, Dmitrii DUBROV, Izzet DUYAR, Marija JOVIC, Julia A. KAMBURIDIS, Farah KHAN, Hareesol KHUN-INKEEREE, Maida KOSO-DRLJEVIC, David LACKO, Karlijn MASSAR, Mara MORELLI, Jean C. NATIVIDADE, Ellen K. NYHUS, Ju Hee PARK, Farid PAZHOOHI, Ekaterine PIRTSKHALAVA, Koen PONNET, Pavel PROKOP, Dušana ŠAKAN, Singha TULYAKUL, Austin H. WANG, Sibele D. AQUINO, Derya D. ATAMTÜRK, Nana BURDULI, Antonio CHIRUMBOLO, Seda DURAL, Edgardo ETCHEZAHAR, Nasim Ghahraman MOHARRAMPOUR, Balazs ACZEL, Luca KOZMA, Samuel LINS, Efisio MANUNTA, Tiago MAROT, Moises MEBARAK, Kirill G. MIROSHNIK, Katarina MISETIC, Marietta PAPADATOU-PASTOU, Bence BAKOS, Fatima Zahra SAHLI, Sangeeta SINGH, Caglar SOLAK, Tatiana VOLKODAV, Anna WLODARCZYK, Grace AKELLO, Marios ARGYRIDES, Ogeday COKER, Katarzyna GALASINSKA, Talía GÓMEZ YEPES, Aleksander KOBYLAREK, Miguel LANDA-BLANCO, Marlon MAYORGA, Baris ÖZENER, Ma. Criselda T. PACQUING, Marc Eric S. REYES, Aysegül SAHIN, William TAMAYO-AGUDELO, Gulmira TOPANOVA, Ezgi TOPLU-DEMIRTAS, Belgüzar N. TÜRKAN, Marcos ZUMÁRRAGA-ESPINOSA, Simone GRASSINI, Jan ANTFOLK, Clément CORNEC, Katarzyna PISANSKI, Sabrina STÖCKLI, Stephanie Josephine EDER and Hyemin HAN. Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries : A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship. \textit{Archives of Sexual Behavior}. New York: Springer, 2024, vol.~53, No~2, p.~811-837. ISSN~0004-0002. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02724-1.
