Přehled o publikaci
2024
Consumption Feedback and Water Saving: A Field Intervention Evaluation in the Metropolitan Area of Milan
CLO, Stefano, Tommaso REGGIANI and Sabrina RUBERTOBasic information
Original name
Consumption Feedback and Water Saving: A Field Intervention Evaluation in the Metropolitan Area of Milan
Authors
CLO, Stefano, Tommaso REGGIANI and Sabrina RUBERTO
Edition
RESOURCE ECONOMICS, NETHERLANDS, SPRINGER, 2024, 0924-6460
Other information
Language
English
Type of outcome
Article in a journal
Country of publisher
Netherlands
Confidentiality degree
is not subject to a state or trade secret
References:
Organization
Ekonomicko-správní fakulta – Repository – Repository
UT WoS
001264558000001
EID Scopus
2-s2.0-85197697431
Keywords in English
Water saving; Nudging; Field intervention; Online information campaign; ITT and LATE
Changed: 12/3/2025 00:50, RNDr. Daniel Jakubík
Abstract
V originále
This paper investigates whether informative feedback on consumption can nudge water saving. We launched a five-month online information campaign which involved around 1,000 households located in the province of Milan (Italy) with a smart meter. A group of households received monthly reports via email on their per capita daily average water consumption, including a social comparison component. The Intention to Treat (ITT) analysis shows that, compared to a benchmark group, the units exposed to the intervention reduced their per capita water consumption by around 6% (25.8 liters per day or 6.8 gallons). Being able to observe the email opening rate, we find that the ITT effect is mainly driven by complying units. Through an Instrumental Variable approach, we estimated a Local Average Treatment Effect equal to 54.9 liters per day of water saving. A further Regression Discontinuity Design analysis shows that different feedback on consumption class size differentially affected water saving at the margin. We also found that the additional water saving increased with the number of monthly reports, though it did not persist two months after the campaign expired.