This article focuses on low-income Roma mothers in the Czech Republic. Drawing upon long-term fieldwork and qualitative interviews with these mothers, we show how mothering is formed, negotiated, and reproduced in the context of poverty. In particular, we analyze three characteristics of mothering that we identified in the research: othermothering, the creation of multigenerational households, and teen motherhood. We illuminate how low-income status is reproduced through motherhood and argue that while mothering is a highly individualized and subjective experience, it is also an experience that is substantially shaped by the welfare state and by structural forces and processes.