Comenius´s pedagogical and didactic thoughts had a direct impact both on the development of pedagogical theory and pedagogical practise. The paper is mapping two periods in the development of pedagogical science within which there was direct and indirect implications of the Comenius´s scientifi knowledge. The first period is reform pedagogy in the first half of the 20est century whose conclusions were enforced in the internaciona context. The second period is devoted to the development of Czech pedagogy at the end of the 19t and in the beginning of the 20est century when the Comenius´s thoughts were very important for the effort of self-awareness of the Czech nationculminating by the establishment of the 1st republic.