The chapter deals with the formal and the real role and position of the Parliament of the Czech Republic in political system. It describes the constitutional position of both chambers. Description is followed by the analysis of the elections of both chambers and of the influence of the differences in the electoral systems on party system and on government stability. Than follows analysis of the functions of the parliament including examples of their impact on political process in the Czech Republic. The crucial points in the development of the Czech parliamentary politics are commented. The chapter in concluded by short assessment of the main problems connected with the parliament.