The Republic of Poland, like Czechoslovakia, appeared on the map of Europe in the autumn of 1918 as a consequence of fundamental political and power changes in the whole of Central-Eastern Europe. But shortly after its inception, Poland found itself in a situation where a number of armed clashes and military conflicts erupted along its emerging borders. For the relations between Czechoslovakia and Poland, the conflict of January 1919, in which both countries tried to dominate the Těšín region, was a key issue. This conflict has largely influenced the view of Czech historians on the first years of the renewed Poland. This article aims to introduce Czech historical production, which after 1989 dealt not only with the war on Těšín and Czechoslovak-Polish relations, but also with a broader view of the restoration of the Polish state and its first years