The article Healthcare and Finance deals with the system of financing healthcare in the Czech legal environment. Firstly, the economy of healthcare as an academic discipline is introduced and a comparison of healthcare market with a perfectly competitive one. Next comes a chapter about financing healthcare with its three main sources: insurance companies, households, and public budgets. The main part of the article analyses the first source in great detail as it contributes with no less than three quarters towards the overall sum. In this subchapter the reader will find information about the way money is gained as well as spent and, furthermore, what the comparison is between a perfectly competitive market and the one with health insurance. The chief objective is to confirm or disprove the existence of a competitive market with health care. The article was written using methods of comparison, compilation and deductive analysis.